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Cookie Policy

Effective date: 1 July 2026

1. About this policy

This Cookie Policy explains how Alexander Bennett, trading as Valid Volition, uses cookies and similar technologies when you visit this website.

It should be read alongside the Valid Volition Privacy Policy, which explains how personal information is collected, used, stored, and protected.

For questions about this policy, contact:

Alexander Bennett
Trading as Valid Volition
Email: alexander@validvolition.com

2. What cookies are

Cookies are small text files that websites place on your computer, telephone, tablet, or other device.

They can be used to:

  • operate essential website functions;
  • remember choices and preferences;
  • protect forms and accounts from misuse;
  • understand how visitors use a website;
  • measure website performance;
  • support advertising and campaign measurement; and
  • recognise browsers or devices between visits.


Some cookies are deleted when you close your browser. These are known as session cookies.

Other cookies remain on your device for a specified period or until you delete them. These are known as persistent cookies.

3. Similar technologies

This policy also covers technologies that perform functions similar to cookies, including:

  • tracking pixels;
  • tags;
  • scripts;
  • local storage;
  • browser identifiers;
  • advertising identifiers; and
  • other technologies that store information on, or access information from, your device.


References to cookies in this policy include these similar technologies where appropriate.

4. First-party and third-party cookies

First-party cookies

First-party cookies are placed directly by the Valid Volition website.

They may be used for purposes such as:

  • remembering your cookie choices;
  • protecting the website;
  • supporting forms;
  • maintaining website functionality; and
  • measuring website use.


Third-party cookies

Third-party cookies are placed or accessed by an organisation other than Valid Volition.

These may be used by providers including:

  • Google;
  • Meta;
  • LinkedIn;
  • Microsoft;
  • CookieYes; and
  • other providers identified in the cookie table below.


Third-party providers may combine information collected through their technologies with information they already hold, subject to their own privacy and cookie policies.

5. Consent and your choices

Valid Volition uses CookieYes to manage cookie preferences.

Cookies that are strictly necessary for the operation, security, or delivery of the website may be used without optional consent.

Analytics, behavioural-measurement, and advertising technologies will only be activated where the relevant consent has been provided through the CookieYes consent panel.

You may:

  • accept all optional cookies;
  • reject all optional cookies;
  • choose individual categories;
  • change your preferences; or
  • withdraw your consent.


Consent must involve a clear and positive choice. Continuing to browse the website is not treated as consent, and optional technologies should not be activated before the appropriate choice has been made. Visitors must be able to refuse optional technologies as easily as they can accept them.

You can reopen the CookieYes settings panel using the Cookie Settings link or icon available on the website.

Withdrawing consent will not affect the lawfulness of processing that took place before consent was withdrawn.

6. Categories of cookies used

Strictly necessary cookies

These cookies and technologies are required for the website to function securely and correctly.

They may be used to:

  • record your cookie preferences;
  • operate website forms;
  • protect forms from spam and automated submissions;
  • protect the website against unauthorised access;
  • support firewall and login security;
  • maintain secure website sessions; and
  • provide functions specifically requested by the visitor.


Strictly necessary technologies may include those associated with:

  • CookieYes;
  • WordPress;
  • Elementor;
  • Google reCAPTCHA;
  • All-In-One Security;
  • website hosting and server security; and
  • other essential website functions.


Google states that reCAPTCHA sets a necessary cookie as part of protecting websites against spam, abuse, and fraudulent activity.

Disabling strictly necessary cookies through your browser may prevent parts of the website from working correctly.

Functional cookies

Functional cookies allow the website to remember choices or provide enhanced functions.

They may be used to remember:

  • interface preferences;
  • display choices;
  • previously selected settings; or
  • other optional website features.


The website may still operate if functional cookies are rejected, although some features may not work as expected.

Analytics and performance cookies

Analytics and performance technologies help Valid Volition understand how visitors use the website.

They may collect information about:

  • pages visited;
  • time spent on the website;
  • navigation between pages;
  • links or buttons selected;
  • referral sources;
  • browser and device types;
  • approximate geographical area;
  • technical errors;
  • page performance; and
  • general patterns of website use.


These technologies help identify which content is useful, where visitors encounter problems, and how the website can be improved.

Subject to your consent, the website may use:

Google Analytics

Google Analytics is used to measure and report how visitors interact with the website.

It may collect information relating to:

  • website visits;
  • sessions;
  • pages viewed;
  • device and browser characteristics;
  • referral sources; and
  • interactions with website content.

Google states that Analytics can collect first-party cookies, device and browser data, and information about activity on the website.

Google Site Kit

Google Site Kit is used to connect and manage selected Google services through WordPress.

The cookies or tracking technologies used on the public website depend on which connected Google services are activated.

Google Search Console is used to review information about the website’s visibility and performance within Google Search. Site Kit may also be used to manage Google Analytics and related services.

Microsoft Clarity

Microsoft Clarity may be used to understand how visitors interact with the website.

Subject to your consent, it may provide:

  • heatmaps;
  • scrolling information;
  • interaction data;
  • technical information; and
  • session replays showing how visitors navigate the website.


Clarity is used to identify usability problems and improve the website. Microsoft describes Clarity as a behavioural-analysis service providing heatmaps and session recordings.

Analytics and performance technologies will not be activated unless the relevant consent has been provided.

Advertising and measurement cookies

Advertising and measurement technologies may be used to understand whether professional outreach or advertising has led someone to visit or interact with the website.

They may also be used to:

  • measure campaign performance;
  • attribute visits or enquiries to advertisements;
  • create aggregated audience information;
  • limit repeated advertising;
  • understand professional audience characteristics; and
  • support future advertising activity.


Subject to your consent, the website may use:

Meta Pixel

Meta Pixel may collect information about visits and interactions with the website.

This may be used to:

  • measure advertising performance;
  • understand whether someone visited following a Meta advertisement;
  • create advertising audiences; and
  • improve the relevance of future campaigns.


Meta states that its technologies can collect information when someone visits a website using Meta products, including Meta Pixel, and may use cookies for advertising, measurement, analytics, and research.

LinkedIn Insight Tag

The LinkedIn Insight Tag may be used to measure campaign performance and understand the professional characteristics of website audiences in aggregated form.

LinkedIn states that the Insight Tag can collect information including:

  • the page address visited;
  • the referring page;
  • Internet Protocol address;
  • device and browser characteristics; and
  • the date and time of the visit.


Advertising and measurement technologies will not be activated unless the relevant consent has been provided.

7. CookieYes

CookieYes is used as the website’s consent-management platform.

It may use strictly necessary cookies or similar technologies to:

  • display the consent panel;
  • remember your selections;
  • record whether you accepted or rejected particular categories;
  • prevent the consent panel from appearing on every page; and
  • maintain evidence of consent choices.


Cookie preferences will normally be retained for up to 12 months, although you may be asked to make a new choice sooner where:

  • the cookies used by the website change;
  • a new provider is introduced;
  • an existing technology is used for a new purpose;
  • legal requirements change; or
  • your previous preference can no longer be confirmed.


The ICO recommends obtaining fresh consent where technologies, purposes, or third parties change, rather than assuming that an earlier choice covers the new use.

8. Cookies currently used

The table below provides the current list of cookies and similar technologies identified on the website.

It should include:

  • the cookie or technology name;
  • the provider;
  • its purpose;
  • its category;
  • whether it is a first-party or third-party technology; and
  • its duration.


[INSERT COOKIEYES COOKIE AUDIT TABLE HERE]

The table is generated from the website’s CookieYes scan and may be updated as technologies, providers, or configurations change.

9. Managing your preferences

You can change your cookie preferences at any time through the CookieYes settings panel.

Depending on the CookieYes configuration, this may be available through:

  • a Cookie Settings link in the website footer;
  • a floating cookie-preference icon; or
  • the consent panel displayed when you first visit the website.


Changing your selection will prevent future use of the affected optional technologies on that browser, subject to the technical operation of the relevant provider.

You may need to repeat your choices where you:

  • use another browser;
  • use another device;
  • clear your browser data;
  • use private browsing;
  • block the preference cookie; or
  • reset your browser settings.

10. Browser controls

Most browsers allow you to:

  • view cookies stored on your device;
  • delete individual cookies;
  • delete all cookies;
  • block cookies from particular websites;
  • block third-party cookies;
  • block all cookies; or
  • receive a warning before a cookie is stored.


Browser controls vary between providers and versions. Instructions are normally available through the browser’s privacy, security, or help settings.

Blocking all cookies may affect the operation of the website, including forms, security functions, and the ability to remember your consent preferences.

Browser settings alone are not relied upon as evidence that you have consented to optional cookies.

11. Third-party controls

You may also be able to manage information directly through the settings provided by third-party services, including:

  • Google;
  • Meta;
  • LinkedIn; and
  • Microsoft.


Using a third party’s opt-out or advertising-preference controls does not necessarily remove cookies already stored on your device. You may also need to delete those cookies through your browser or withdraw consent through CookieYes.

12. International processing

Some third-party technology providers operate internationally and may process information outside the United Kingdom.

Further information about international processing and safeguards is provided in the Valid Volition Privacy Policy and the privacy information published by the relevant provider.

13. Changes to this policy

This Cookie Policy may be updated where:

  • cookies or similar technologies are added or removed;
  • a provider changes its technology;
  • the purposes for which a technology is used change;
  • the CookieYes scan identifies new cookies;
  • website functionality changes; or
  • legal or regulatory requirements change.


Where a material change affects an existing consent choice, visitors may be asked to provide consent again.

The effective date at the top of this policy will be amended whenever a revised version is published.

14. Contact

For questions about this Cookie Policy or the use of cookies on the website, contact:

Alexander Bennett
Trading as Valid Volition
Email: alexander@validvolition.com